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It's a proxy or proxy server. It is a program that functions to act as mediator between client and server on the internet. Without the use of a proxy, clients would be able to send requests for every resource straight to the server and the server will provide the resource directly to the user. While this approach is straightforward to comprehend and implement the addition of proxies can bring advantages in the form of increased performance and privacy, security and many other benefits. As a pass-through layer a proxy acts as an additional security layer on the internet between servers and clients.




The general consensus is that the combination of server hardware as well as software used to set up proxy installations is often referred too as proxy servers. This article will be focusing on proxy servers which are generally classified as software, as well as within the context of web servers. There will be a discussion of the two primary types of proxy servers, which include a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has its own unique usage scenario that is frequently confused due to the same terminology.




This article will provide you with some understanding about the different types of proxy and what subtypes they are and how they function in the common configurations. After having read this article, you'll be able determine the situations that you can gain from a proxy and then select the most appropriate reverse and forward proxy options for each scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy, also known in the form of open proxy. open proxy is the agent of a customer who wants to send a request via the internet to a source server. In this case the entire attempt to send requests made by the user will instead be sent to the forward-proxy. This forward proxy, acting in the client's stead, will scrutinize the request. The first step is to determine if the client is allowed to accept requests through this particular forward proxy. The client then decides if it wants to decline a request and forward it to its origin server. The client isn't able to have an internet connection directly. It is only able to access what forward proxy allows the client to access.




A common use of forward proxy is to achieve greater privacy or security on the internet. A forward proxy is able to access the internet instead of a client and, in this way it can use a different IP address than the initial IP address.




Based on the way it has been set up the forward proxy will offer various functions based on how it is configured, which allows you to:




Beware of ads that track you.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions based on the location you are in.




Forward proxies can also be used for security systems that are centralized and based on permission access, such as at work. The entire internet can be passed through the open forward proxy, an administrator can grant only a few clients online access via a common firewall. Instead of setting up firewalls at the layer of clients, that could include a variety of computers with different configurations and users, a firewall can be placed on top of an forward proxy layer.




It is important to remember that forward proxy servers must be manually set up to use, however reverse proxy servers will be ignored by clients. Depending on whether the IP address of a user is transmitted to the server from which it originated by forward proxy privacy and anonymity may be granted or unnoticed.




There are numerous possibilities to explore for forward proxy options:




Apache: A popular open-source web server which provides forward-looking proxy services.


Nginx is a different well-known open-source webserver that comes with forward proxy features.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy which utilizes the HTTP protocol. It does not come with an entire web server application. You can check out our guide on how to install Squid proxy to connect privately in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it better suitable for situations such as peer-to-peer connections. It's also worth taking a look investigate how to set up an Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy is the web server, which takes care of requests from clients in its place. The web server can serve as a single server or as a set of servers. In addition, it could function in the role of an application server, such as Gunicorn. In any of these situations, the request comes from a user via the internet. Typically, the request is directed directly to the web server, which has the resources that the user needs. A reverse proxy works as an intermediary, shielding it from direct contact with the open internet.




From the perspective of the client, interfacing with reverse proxy is not distinct from communicating with your webserver directly. It's essentially the same, and the user doesn't see the distinction. The client sends a request for a resource, which is followed by receiving it without any extra configuration required by the user.




Reverse proxies offer features like:




Secured centrally for Web Server Layer.


Directing traffic according to the rules you define.


Additional functions to cache data.




Although centralized security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy servers. Reverse proxy services provide this benefit only to that layer of the internet server, but not the layer that clients use. Instead of the maintenance of firewalls in the web server layer which can contain several servers that have different configurations, the majority of firewall security may be handled by the reverse proxy layer. Additionally eliminating the responsibility of communicating with firewalls and communicating with requests from clients away from web servers allows them to focus on serving the resources.




If multiple servers are that are running through a reverse proxy The reverse proxy handles how requests are routed which server. There could be multiple web servers offering the same service, each providing different kinds of resources, or a mix of the two. They can utilize the HTTP protocol to function as a standard web server, however they may additionally include protocols for application servers like FastCGI. It is possible to set up reverse proxy servers to direct customers to specific servers depending upon the requested resource or to follow certain rules regarding traffic load.




Reverse proxies also profit from their positioning on top of web servers, as they provide the ability to cache data. Massive static resources can be configured with caching rules in order to avoid the web server from being hit with every request. Certain options allowing users to upload static files without having to connect to the web server even once. Furthermore, the reverse proxy can handle compression of these assets.




The popular Nginx webserver is also a highly popular reverse proxy solution. Although Apache has a reverse proxy solution but this Apache web server does have reverse proxy functions as an option that can be added to Apache and Nginx was initially designed and was designed with a focus on reverse proxy capabilities.



Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Use Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use



Since "forward" as well as "reverse" come with connotations of directionality and false distinctions between "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic These labels are prone to confusion because both types of proxies deal with requests and responses. In addition, the most effective method of separating between reverse and forward proxy is to examine the specifications of the application you're creating.




Reverse proxy is an essential feature when you are designing a solution to host web applications on the internet. They act as your web server in any interaction with the internet.




Forward proxy can be useful when it is used before clients for personal use or in a working environment. They serve as the proxy for your client for any interaction on the internet.




Utilizing use cases to differentiate as opposed to focusing only on common names can make it easier to avoid confusion.



Conclusion



The article explained the significance of a proxy and the two main types being the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios for use as well as a discussion of most effective features were employed to differentiate between forward proxies and reverse proxy. If you're interested to learn more about the possibilities of proxies, you can check out our guide on how to install Nginx as an reverse proxy and internet server using Apache using the Ubuntu 20.04 Server.



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