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It is a proxy is also known as proxy server software that acts in the middle between a server and a client on the internet. Without a proxy, a client would make a request a resource directly to a server, and it would serve the requested resource directly to the user. This is a simple method to grasp and implement, using proxies provides benefits in terms of better performance and privacy, security and much more. As an additional layer of being able to pass through, a proxy functions as a gatekeeper for the internet between clients and servers.

The majority of people agree it is the case that the mix of servers hardware and the software that is installed to make proxy connections is commonly referred too as proxy servers. This article we'll focus on proxies typically described as software, as well as those that are utilized in conjunction with web servers. This article will provide the full description of two kinds of proxies which are one that is a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each has its own use case, often confused because of the same name convention.

This article will give you some understanding about what proxy services are, and subtypes they have, and what ways they can prove useful for the most common setups. By reading this article you'll be able identify the circumstances in which a proxy is useful, and then decide the appropriate choice for reverse or forward proxy in any given situation.

Understanding Forward Proxies

The forward proxy, also known as the open proxy is the agent of a customer that attempts to transmit requests via the internet to an the server that originated it. In this case, it's the scenario that all requests made by the client will rather be directed to this forward proxy. In this scenario the forward proxy, in lieu of the client, will review the request. At the beginning, it will determine if the client is allowed to send requests via this particular forward proxy. It then decides whether to refuse this request and send it back to its original server. It's not able to directly connect with the web. It can only access what the forward proxy allows it access to.

A common reason for using forward proxies is for more privacy or security on the internet. A forward proxy connects to the internet as an individual client, and during this process, it can use another IP address in comparison to the original IP address that is used by the client.

Depending on how it's been established in the past forward proxy servers may provide a range of options. They allow you to:

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  Avoid tracking ads.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  Establish restrictions based on the place of residence.
  
  

Forward proxies are also employed in systems to provide central security and permission based access, for example, in the workplace. If all internet traffic passes via an open forward proxy, an administrator is able to grant only a few clients access to the internet, which is filtered by a firewall that is common to all. Instead of establishing firewalls on the layer of clients which can include multiple machines that are different in terms of user and environment the firewall can be set up on the layer that is responsible for forwarding proxy data.

Remember that forward proxies have to be manually setup to be used, while reverse proxies are often ignored by clients. Based on the fact that clients' IP addresses are passed on to the origin server through the forward proxy Privacy and anonymity could get granted, or even made more transparent.

There are a myriad of choices to think about for forward proxies:

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  Apache An open-source, well-known web server that offers forward proxy features.
  
  
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  Nginx A renowned open-source webserver with forward proxy features.
  
  
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  Squid is an open source forward proxy that uses it's HTTP protocol. It does not include an entire web server. Check out our guide on the best way to setup Squid proxy to allow secure connections on Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante forward proxy that uses the SOCKS protocol instead HTTP, making it more suitable for scenarios such as peer-to-peer traffic. It's also a good idea to check out how to set up a Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy is a representative of a web server which manages requests from customers on behalf of. The web server may represent a single or several servers. Furthermore, it could represent an application server like Gunicorn. For any one of these scenarios, a request could come in from a client through the internet in general. In most cases the request is directed directly to the web server along with the data the user wants. The reverse proxy serves as an intermediary to isolate your web server from interaction with the internet.

From a client's perspective from a user's point of view, using a reverse proxy isn't any different than communicating with the webserver in direct communication. It's basically the same and the client cannot discern the difference. Client requests resources, that is then followed by receiving it, with no additional configuration needed for the end user.

Reverse proxy proxies are able to provide some features, including:

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  Centrally secured for Web Server Layer.
  
  
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  Sending traffic to be directed according to the rules you can establish.
  
  
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  Additional functionality for caching.
  
  

Although central security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy service, reverse proxy providers provide this benefit to only the server layer, not to the layer that connects to the client. Instead of the maintenance of firewalls at the web server layer that may contain multiple servers with different configurations, the bulk of firewall security resides in the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, getting rid of the necessity of interfacing with firewalls and responding to requests from clients that are not connected to web servers allows the firewall to focus on meeting the needs of their clients.

If there are multiple servers in a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy is also in charge of how requests are routed to which server. Multiple web servers may be running on the same server and serving different types of resources, or a mix of the two. These servers may use the HTTP protocol in the same way as a traditional web server. They can also use applications server protocols such as FastCGI. You can set up reverse proxy servers to send customers to specific servers based on the kind of resource they're searching for, or comply with certain rules regarding traffic load.

Reverse proxies also profit from their placement before web servers by delivering the capacity of caching. Large static assets can be set up using caching guidelines to avoid having to connect to web servers with each request, with certain services providing the option to directly serve static assets without connecting with the server for even one time. Additionally reverse proxy is able to handle the compression of these assets.

The famous Nginx web server is a well-known reverse proxy service. While you can use it, Apache web server, it's also equipped with reverse proxy function, it's a separate option that's available to Apache and Nginx was initially developed for and was designed to perform reverse proxy functionality.

Distinguishing Forward and Reverse Proxy Utilizing Differentiation of Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use

Due to the fact that "forward" and "reverse" come with connotations of directionality, as well as false distinctions between "incoming" in addition to "outgoing" traffic These terms can be confusing since both kinds of proxy are able to manage requests and responses. A better approach to distinguish between forward and reverse proxies is to examine the requirements of the application that you are creating.

A reverse proxy could be beneficial in the development of a method to offer web-based applications on the internet. They act as your servers whenever you connect to the internet.

Forward proxy is beneficial when they are used before a client for your personal use, or in the workplace. They represent your client traffic when you are on the internet.

A distinction based on usage case instead of focusing solely at similar names can assist you in avoiding confusion.

Conclusion

This article provides the definition of a proxy, which includes two major types that are forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical application scenarios and a look at useful features were used to distinguish between forward proxy and reverse proxy. If you're interested exploring the possibilities of proxies, then take a look at our tutorial on how you can configure Nginx as reverse and web server proxy for Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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